Firebird 2.0 Language Reference Update

Table of Contents

1. Introduction

Versions covered

Authorship

2. Reserved words and keywords

Added since InterBase 6

Dropped since InterBase 6

Possibly reserved in future versions

3. Miscellaneous language elements

-- (single-line comment)

Shorthand casts

CASE construct

4. Data types and subtypes

BIGINT data type

BLOB data type

New character sets

Character set NONE handling changed

New collations

5. DDL statements

ALTER DATABASE

ALTER DOMAIN

ALTER EXTERNAL FUNCTION

ALTER PROCEDURE

ALTER SEQUENCE

ALTER TABLE

ALTER TRIGGER

COMMENT

CREATE DATABASE

CREATE DOMAIN

CREATE EXCEPTION

CREATE GENERATOR

CREATE INDEX

CREATE PROCEDURE

CREATE SEQUENCE

CREATE TABLE

CREATE TRIGGER

CREATE VIEW

CREATE OR ALTER EXCEPTION

CREATE OR ALTER PROCEDURE

CREATE OR ALTER TRIGGER

DECLARE EXTERNAL FUNCTION

DECLARE FILTER

DROP GENERATOR

DROP PROCEDURE

DROP SEQUENCE

DROP TRIGGER

RECREATE EXCEPTION

RECREATE PROCEDURE

RECREATE TABLE

RECREATE TRIGGER

RECREATE VIEW

REVOKE ADMIN OPTION

SET GENERATOR

6. DML statements

DELETE

EXECUTE BLOCK

EXECUTE PROCEDURE

INSERT

SELECT

UPDATE

7. Transaction control statements

RELEASE SAVEPOINT

ROLLBACK

SAVEPOINT

SET TRANSACTION

8. PSQL statements

BEGIN ... END blocks may be empty

BREAK

CLOSE cursor

DECLARE

EXCEPTION

EXECUTE PROCEDURE

EXECUTE STATEMENT

EXIT

FETCH cursor

FOR EXECUTE STATEMENT ... DO

FOR SELECT ... INTO ... DO

LEAVE

OPEN cursor

PLAN allowed in trigger code

UDFs callable as void functions

WHERE CURRENT OF invalid for view cursors

9. Context variables

CURRENT_CONNECTION

CURRENT_ROLE

CURRENT_TIME

CURRENT_TIMESTAMP

CURRENT_TRANSACTION

CURRENT_USER

DELETING

GDSCODE

INSERTING

NEW

'NOW'

OLD

ROW_COUNT

SQLCODE

UPDATING

10. Operators and predicates

NULL literals allowed as operands

|| (string concatenator)

ALL

ANY / SOME

IN

IS [NOT] DISTINCT FROM

NEXT VALUE FOR

SOME

11. Internal functions

BIT_LENGTH()

CAST()

CHAR_LENGTH(), CHARACTER_LENGTH()

COALESCE()

EXTRACT()

GEN_ID()

IIF()

LOWER()

NULLIF()

OCTET_LENGTH()

RDB$GET_CONTEXT()

RDB$SET_CONTEXT()

SUBSTRING()

TRIM()

UPPER()

12. External functions (UDFs)

addDay

addHour

addMilliSecond

addMinute

addMonth

addSecond

addWeek

addYear

ascii_char

dow

dpower

getExactTimestamp

i64round

i64truncate

log

lower

lpad

ltrim

*nullif

*nvl

rand

right

round, i64round

rpad

rtrim

sdow

srand

sright

string2blob

strlen

substr

substrlen

truncate, i64truncate

A. Notes

Character set NONE data accepted “as is”

Understanding the WITH LOCK clause

A note on CSTRING parameters

Passing NULL to UDFs in Firebird 2

Maximum number of indices in different Firebird versions

B. Document History

C. License notice